Functional composition

The spin-orbital rates of the Earth-Moon present a resident of the Earth with an ever-changing pageant. Each day passes into night, and night passes back into day. The Moon's synodic period passes through phases of waxing and waning. The annual seasons cycle between summertime and wintertime. As a result of the ever-revolving, spin-orbital cycles, a resident of the Earth enjoys an average day of 24 hours, perceives a lunar orbit of 29.53059 days, and experiences a solar circle of 365.24219 days.

It here seems to be very significant that the cited lunar and solar orbits appear to exist in perfect interface with Earth's spin (the rate of the solar day).

The cited perfect interface between the lunar and solar orbits is easy to recognize when the day rate is accounted for in cycles of 30 days. When this cyclical count is endlessly performed, the average lunar and solar orbits can exactly be represented by simply counting day units.

To more fully expose that both the lunar and the solar orbits can effectively be measured and metered using day units, subsequent sections will explore the huge significance of a 30-day cycle. This significant cycle can ultimately be recognized to be a natural or an inherent definition of the combined spin-orbits.

A remarkable day rate

An evaluation of the spin rate of the Earth (the daily rate) in comparison with both the lunar and solar orbits seems to reveal some certain significance to the rate of one day in every 30 days.

To document this possible significance, it becomes expedient to compare the rate of 30 days both with the rate of the lunar month and with the rate of the solar year.

When the rate of one day in 30 days is considered to be unique and consequently is accounted as apart from all the days that occupy the time stream, it becomes a given conclusion that the limits of each passing solar year (or the tropical year of 365.24219 days) can exactly (perfectly!) be correlated to the same spin phase of the rotating Earth. The spin-orbital interface; on the average; is perfect from year-to-year. Remarkable here is that--when the renewal of 30 days is separately accounted for--the rate of the synodic return of the Moon (29.53059 days) can also be correlated to the same spin-phase of the rotating Earth.

To substantiate or to prove that the rate of the solar year (365.24219 days) and also the rate of the synodic return of the Moon (29.53059 days) can BOTH effectively be correlated to the same hour and minute of the same solar day, an axiom for correlating these rates can be stated--as follows:

• Both orbits (Earth's annual transit of the Sun, and also the Moon's synodic revolution) can exactly be represented by units of the solar day--on the average. This correlation requires that 1 day in 30 days always be accounted as apart from all other days that comprise the time stream.

For the purpose of presenting the clearest analysis, a set-apart day each 30 days--an average rate equivalent to 12.17474 days per year--will hereafter be referred to as MC.

Note that the rate of 1 day in 30 days is the same rate as 12.17474 days in each tropical year of 365.24219 days.

This respective set-apart day--1 in 30 days--is therefore of seeming significance in the regard that the rate of MC appears to be integral for interpreting time design from the combined spin-orbital rates.

As is further shown below, if the rate of 1 day in 30 days (the rate of MC) is always leaped or accounted apart from other days that occupy the time stream, it becomes a given conclusion that Earth's annual transit of the Sun (in 365.24219 days) and also the Moon's synodic revolution (in 29.53059 days) can both be correlated to a number count of solar days.

To more fully document that the spin-orbits appear to comprise a functional interface, a second axiom for the rate of the lunar orbit seems to additionally be warranted.

Because the Moon's synodic period completes every 29.53059 days (on the average) then it is obvious that the rate of the solar year inherently contains 12.36827 synodic revolutions. A synonymous cross-reference for the rate of the solar year would be in units of lunar quarters (or lunar weeks). It can here be recognized that the rate of the solar year inherently contains 49.47306 lunar-quarter cycles--or 49.47306 lunar weeks--on the average. (Note that the rate of the solar year, or 365.24219 days, when divided by the rate of the lunar quarter, or 7.38265 days, is equal to 49.47306 lunar quarters per year).

A more complete explanation for the definition and significance of the lunar-quarter unit is presented in a subsequent section.

In arriving at a sought for systems interpretation for the spin-orbital rates, it seems necessary to account for the lunar-week cycle in specific multiples of sevens. (This respective accounting warrants the setting apart or the intercalation of a special day--always at the frequency of 7 lunar weeks).

Thus, to ultimately substantiate or to prove that both orbits (Sun and Moon) can be expressed in units of the spin rate of the Earth, a related second axiom can be stated--as follows:

• The orbital rates (Sun and Moon) can be represented by units of the solar day. This correlation additionally requires that 1 day in 7 lunar weeks always be accounted as apart from other days that comprise the time stream.

For the purpose of presenting the clearest analysis, a set-apart day each 7 lunar weeks--an average rate of 7.06758 days per year--will hereafter be referred to as SW.

Note that the rate of 1 day in 7 lunar weeks is the same rate as 7.06758 days in each tropical year of 365.24219 days.

The rate of 1 day in each cycle of 7 lunar weeks is hugely significant to a study of related time design--as is further shown below.

Accounting for solar days and lunar evenings

In exploring the possibility of related time design, it ultimately seems significant that--when occurrences of MC and SW are routinely accounted as apart from other days that occupy the stream of time--the rate of the solar year can precisely (perfectly!) be represented by a whole number of the other days.

To document that the rate of the tropical year can perfectly be correlated to a specific rate of whole days, it is manifest from the first of the previously stated axioms that MC is inherently equal to a rate of 12.17474 days per year--on the average. It is also manifest from the second of the previously stated axioms that SW is inherently equal to a rate of 7.06758 days per year--on the average. This means that the MC and SW cycles are (together) equal to a rate of 19.24232 days per year--in average time.

Note a rate that averages 12.17474 days per year and also a rate that averages 7.06758 days per year is equal to a composite rate that averages 19.24232 days per year.

Note that 19.23232 days (the rates of MC and SW) plus 346.00000 days (a count of days other than MC or SW) are equal to 365.24232 days (which precisely is the rate of the solar year!).

Essentially, a fixed number of Earth spins (as solar-day units) can perfectly be correlated or cross-referenced to the epoch of each passing tropical year (of 365.24219 days). A correlation between the spin of the Earth and the passing of the tropical year is manifest in the regard that 346 solar days plus the annual rates of MC and SW are inherently equal to 365.24232 days. The cited perfect solar-day interface thus has significance in regard that each tropical year can effectively be measured and metered out through the purely defined occurrences of: 1. A solar-based cycle (MC); and: 2. A lunar-based cycle (SW).

Note that the rates of MC and SW inherently yield 19.24232 renewal days per solar year (on the average). When the occurrences of MC and SW are set apart (or leaped) from out of the time stream then the reoccurrence of the solar year is proven to just about exactly coincide with a whole-number count of all the other days (a number count of no more or less than 346 solar days).

Thus, it seems of possible significance to a study the spin and orbital phenomena that--as long as renewals of a solar-based cycle MC and renewals of a lunar-based cycle SW are separately accounted for--the spin rate of the Earth (the solar-day rate) can effectively (perfectly!) be correlated to each passing solar-year cycle. The renewal rates (MC and SW) have further significance in that each annual transit of the Sun is inherently subdivided into 346 equal parts or divisions--on the average.

It seems to be significant that a multi-dimensioned interface can be interpreted between the spin of the Earth, the synodic return of the Moon, and each revolution of the tropical year. This three-way interface can be proven to be exact or perfect (in average time). Essentially, a metered count of 346 solar days--when counted in association with the renewals of MC and SW--is equal to 365.24232 days or is equal to the same number of days, hours, and minutes as are contained in each passing tropical year. (More about the perfection inherent in reckoning the renewals of MC and SW is shown below).

Metered divisions of the tropical year

It should then be clear from the previously cited axioms that the rate of the solar year (365.24219 days) can inherently be measured or metered out by the reoccurrence of only two natural time cycles:

1. The reoccurrence of a solar-based cycle (based upon the spin rate of the Earth).
2. The reoccurrence of a lunar-based cycle (based upon the phase rate of the Moon).

When only the reoccurrences of these two cycles (MC and SW) are duly accounted for then it becomes a given conclusion that the epoch of each passing solar year (on average) can be correlated to an exclusive count of solar days (a metered count of 346 days). This ultimately means that for any given solar year each exclusively counted day does inherently correspond with a 346th part of the year (on average).

In summary, the separated renewals of the cited solar-based cycle (MC) and the cited lunar-based cycle (SW) can be stated to yield a residual number of days. The number of residual days throughout any given tropical year can be recognized to define/delimit 346 specific divisions (on the average).

The indicated (perfect!) annual interface--based upon a simple count of lunar weeks and month-like cycles--is most remarkable in the regard that the annual circle (of 365.24219 days) can be interpreted to inherently correspond with equally distributed divisions. These uniquely distributed divisions (346 per year) are metered out both by the spin rate of the Earth (the solar-day rate) and by the quarter-phase rate of the Moon (the lunar-week rate).

A perfect arrangement of days

The rate of the annual transit of 365.24219 days (or the tropical year) can be quite perfectly be correlated to a rate solar days. Essentially, the annual rate of MC (12.17474 days per year) plus the annual rate of SW (7.06758 days per year) plus 346 more days per year is equal to 365.24232 days per year--as cited. Thus, through a simple time track of solar days and lunar weeks, the epoch of each passing solar year of 365.24219 days is inherently metered (to within the limits of 365.24232 days).

This indicated interface between the rate of the spin of the Earth, the phase rate of the Moon, and the rate of the annual circle is perfect to within an annual difference of only 11.2 seconds!

Most remarkable is that the indicated interface between the rates of days, lunar phases, and solar years can be recognized to have been fully or absolutely perfect only several centuries before.

Modern astronomers have determined that the current spin rate of the Earth is slowing down--as a trend definition. Estimates indicate that--throughout the previous four thousand years--the spin rate of the Earth has slowed down at a rate of between 0.0036 and 0.0073 spin-seconds per year. This means that priest-astronomers who were living in the relatively recent past may have been capable of even more accurately defining the epoch of the solar year.

Based upon the slowing spin rate of the Earth, it can be predicted that at no more than about 3000 years ago the length of the passing solar year was perfectly defined by the then spin rate of the Earth and by the then phase rate of the Moon.

Note that the modern interface between the rates of days, lunar phases, and solar years is now, in modern times, almost fully perfect. (However, the modern interface differs by only 11.2 seconds on an annual basis--as cited). The time when a perfect interface once existed is easy to predict by simply dividing the modern difference of 11.2 seconds by the indicated number of spin-seconds of annual change, minimally 0.0036 spin-seconds per year. The result of this division predicts that a maximum span of 3111 years has elapsed from the time of perfect interface. The time when a fully perfect interface existed then would have been in a time range somewhere less than 32 centuries ago (as a prediction).

For pertinent information concerning the slowing spin of the Earth, refer to the following online documents:

1. The Slowing Spin of Earth
2. A Case for Created Time?

The spin-orbital rates of the Earth-Moon thus seem to indicate some special significance to the ongoing rate of one solar day in each month-like cycle of 30-solar days. The reoccurrence of this special solar day appears to be fully essential in the ultimate (exact!) representation of the solar year (determined through a reoccurring rate of solar days).

Likewise, the spin-orbital rates of the Earth-Moon indicate some special significance to the ongoing rate of the lunar week... and specifically to the rate of one lunar day in each cycle of 7 lunar weeks. The reckoning of this special lunar day also appears to be fully essential in the ultimate definition of the solar-year circle (determined through a reoccurring rate of quarter phases of the Moon).

Ultimately, a plausible systems view of time cycles generated by the Earth-Moon seems very easy to recognize through the perpetual reoccurrences of only the two cited time cycles:

1. A month-like cycle (an unbroken cycle of 30 days).
2. A lunar-week cycle (an unbroken cycle of 7 lunar quarters).

Through the reoccurrence of these two simple cycles, it becomes obvious that rates of solar days, synodic months, and solar years do appear to intelligently interface/interrelate together.

For related information concerning the ancient reckoning of months and lunar-weeks, refer to the following online publication: 'Tracking the Day-of-the-Sun').

Solar days and lunar weeks

In previous sections, it was shown that the rate of the solar year is inherently divided into metered divisions by the rate of the solar day. Essentially, the solar day appears to perfectly interface with the rate of the solar year as long as lunar weeks are additionally reckoned.

In subsequent sections, the focus will turn more to the rate of the lunar week (the quarter-phase rate of the Moon).

When observed from the Earth, the Moon--in its orbit--passes through four distinct quarter phases. These four phases of the orbiting Moon are:

1. New phase (when the Moon is fully dark or invisible).
2. First-quarter phase (when the Moon is half dark and half light and appears as a 'D' shaped object.
3. Full phase (when the Moon is wholly illuminated and appears as an 'O' shaped object).
4. Third-quarter phase (when the Moon is half light and half dark and appears as a reverse 'D' shaped object).

Because the synodic revolution is completed every 29.53059 days then it is obvious the passing of each lunar quarter or each lunar week is completed at one-fourth of the rate of 29.53059 days. The passing of each lunar week is consequently equal to the passing of 7.38265 days--in average time.

Significant about the synodic revolution (and its four distinctly defined lunar weeks) is that the apparent orbit can also effectively be divided or metered by the spin rate of the Earth. For more specific information, refer to the online publication entitled: 'Time Portals or Annual Gates'.

Thus, the rate of the synodic month and also the rate of the tropical year can each effectively be represented by a specific number of days (as long as renewals for MC and SW are separately accounted for).

The lunar week has additionally significance in the regard that a time grid of lunar weeks can just about exactly be correlated a time grid of 7 solar years. For pertinent information, refer to the subsequently presented Appendix A.

Then, from the perspective that the spin-orbits could possibly represent functional time design, a plausible interpretation for the synodic period of the Moon can be arrived at. Clearly, the count of a time unit equivalent to no more or less than the lunar quarter or the lunar week (of 7.38265 days) can be used to effectively represent the rate of the tropical year (in average time).

The unit of the solar day is also a significant time unit by which the rate of the tropical year can effectively be measured and metered out--as was shown in introductory sections. (It is consequently doubly significant that the rate of the solar year can effectively be represented both by accounting for day units and also by accounting for lunar-week units).

A functionally composed system

The spin and orbital phenomenon of the Earth and Moon can be interpreted in the context of a time tracking system that is rational or intelligent. In essence, a (functional) lunisolar schedule can be recognized from the spin cycle of the Earth.

Inherent from the cited spin and orbital rates is the definition of a simple ongoing month-like cycle of 30 solar days. The spin-orbits also inherently define a related lunar-week cycle.

These two simple time cycles would--of themselves--be almost insignificant. However, when the two cycles are evaluated in the context of comprising a system, the combination of cycles can be cited as examples of interrelated time-design.

The following summary points can ultimately be drawn from out of an evaluation of these two cycles:

1. The modern solar-year cycle of 365.24219 days can be defined within the limits of 11.2 seconds by reckoning simple ongoing cycles of lunar weeks and 30 days.
2. The solar year of 3 millennia ago could probably have been absolutely or perfectly defined by reckoning the cited ongoing cycles of weeks and months.
3. It is significant that the cycle of the tropical year and also the synodic revolution of the Moon can be cross-referenced to a tally of day cycles--where each day unit inherently corresponds to a solar-day span.
4. The present (and past) precision gained by reckoning 30 days in correspondence with lunar and annual cycles is so very tight that the reckoning of additional days is not required.
5. An interpretation of interrelated time design seems straightforward and is easy to interpret from out of a combination of 30-day cycles and lunar-week cycles.
6. The indicated requirement to reckon a fixed solar-day rate (30 days) and also a fixed lunar-week rate points to a time-tracking system that is inherently functional. (Note that a fixed cycle of 30 days can be used to augment the definition of an effective annual calendar. In addition, the lunar-week unit can be used to augment the definition of a jubilee calendar).
7. It is additionally significant that a systems interpretation based upon short time cycles is possible. (Note that a systems interpretation based upon long time cycles would comprise less convincing evidence of a deliberately designed time-tracking system).

The spin and orbital rates can thus be cited as reasonable evidence of functional time design. (Clearly, an annual cross-reference based upon the accounting for months and for lunar weeks is possible).

The Earth-Moon appears to inherently define week and month cycles. The definition of weeks and months seems to comprise plausible evidence of functional time-design.

For additional information concerning possible Earth-Moon interrelatedness, refer to the following online documents:

1. The Moon as a Time Meter
2. An Interrelated Earth-Moon System
3. Is There a Case for Created Time?
4. Significance of 40 Days
5. A New Look at Ancient Astronomy
6. A Significant Circle-of-Seven
7. Tracking the Day-of-the-Sun
8. Reckoning Time Portals
9. Phases of the Earth and Moon

Significant to a study of functional time design is the peculiar unit of the lunar quarter or the lunar week.

The lunar week (of 7.38265 days) can ultimately be recognized to interface both with the rate of the day and also with the rate of the solar year--as is further shown below.

From the essential perspective that the spin-orbital rates might possibly be interrelated, it is most fortunate that the definition of a naturally defined unit of time the length of no more or less than 7.38265 days does exist.

A solar-year interface

The following calendar chart is presented in an attempt to show that each 7 year segment in a reoccurring cycle of 50 years can be correlated to a specific number of lunar-week units:

It should be clear from the presented diagram that if one lunar week unit each and every 3rd year is subtracted from out of a streaming count of lunar-week units then a specific calendar count of lunar-week units can be correlated to each passing solar year.

Note that--in subtracting the count of the cited leap-week--a precise calendar of lunar weeks is inherently achieved (365.2442 days per year on the average). The resulting annual rate that can be achieved by accounting for lunar-week units (2473.66667 lunar quarters in 50 years) closely corresponds with the actual rate of the solar year (365.2422 days per year).

For more information concerning the accuracy inherent in counting lunar weeks, refer to the following online publications:

1. 'Time Portals or Annual Gates'
2. 'The Moon as a Time Meter'.